Guanidinoacetic acid supplementation and stocking density effects on broiler performance: behavior, biochemistry, immunity, and small intestinal histomorphology

Table 5 Efficacy of GAA supplementation on some blood biochemical parameters of broilers reared under HSD conditions

Stocking density (birds/m²)	GAA (g/kg feed)	Glucose (mg/dl)	Uric acid (mg/dl)	Creatinine (mg/dl)	AST (U/L)	ALT (U/L)
LSD	0	213.12	5.36	0.43^ab	291.01	7.84^a
LSD	0.6	232.87	4.64	0.35^b	294.54	6.33^b
HSD	0	229.74	4.74	0.49^a	289.26	6.91^ab
HSD	0.6	249.53	4.14	0.39^b	298.61	6.35^b
Pooled SEM		5.37	0.21	0.01	5.73	0.23
P value
SD		0.174	0.122	0.064	0.923	0.301
GAA		0.190	0.090	0.002	0.591	0.022
SD × GAA		0.907	0.770	0.593	0.808	0.281

P value in bold are statistically significant
LSD, low stocking density (10 birds/m²); HSD, high stocking density (16 birds/m²); SD, stocking density; GAA, Guanidinoacetic acid (0.6 mg/kg) feed; T. Protein, Total protein; ALT, Alanine transaminase; AST, Aspartate transaminase
^a,bDifferent superscript letters in the same column indicate a significant difference (P < 0.05). Pooled SEM: total SEM

ISSN: 1751-0147